ABV Calculator
Both published ABV formulas, side by side, with the gap between them shown rather than hidden.
Do the math, then buy the right gear
Sixteen calculators for the arithmetic a brew day actually forces on you, plus 253 worked reference pages and six complete builds. Every calculator prints its formula and says whether that formula is a published standard or a brewing convention.
The two common ABV formulas disagree, and the gap widens with gravity: a beer at 1.090 down to 1.020 is 9.19% by the standard formula and 9.99% by the alternate one. Most sites quietly pick one. This site shows both, names both, and tells you where they part company.
Where a calculation cannot be answered honestly, the calculator returns no answer instead of a plausible looking number.
The Mash and Boil Series 2 is the cheapest route into single vessel electric all-grain brewing that still includes a recirculation pump, which is the feature that separates a system you tolerate from one you keep.

Brewers Edge
A programmable electric all-in-one that mashes and boils in one vessel on ordinary household power, so there is no propane burner, no separate mash tun and no transfer between them.
Price last checked at publication and changes often.
Each one shows its formula, flags every constant as standard or convention, and re-ranks the gear below it against the numbers you enter.
Both published ABV formulas, side by side, with the gap between them shown rather than hidden.
Tinseth and Rager, both labelled, because they disagree by a predictable margin.
The published strike equation, with tun loss kept separate because it is not part of it.
Strike, sparge and total water, with absorption and boil-off flagged as the conventions they are.
Target gravity to pounds of malt, with efficiency flagged as the assumption it is.
Stop assuming an efficiency figure and measure the one your system really gives.
A hydrometer is calibrated at one temperature. A reading taken warm is simply wrong until corrected.
Alcohol refracts differently from sugar, so a raw Brix reading after fermentation is wrong. This corrects it.
Corn sugar, table sugar or dry malt extract, with residual CO2 taken from the beer temperature.
Set it, leave the gas connected, and the beer reaches equilibrium and stays there.
Pitch rates are convention, not standard. This calculator says so on the page.
For when the wort came out stronger than the recipe intended.
The one number that makes every other volume calculation on this site accurate for your system.
Ion contributions follow from the chemistry. What they taste like is a different kind of claim.
Malt colour units to SRM by the published Morey fit, with its limits stated.
The number that decides whether the expensive system was worth it.
Six full setups, each listing every item needed to actually finish a batch, with a running total and an honest note on what to leave out. A roundup sells you one thing; these do the whole job at a budget you pick.
The cheapest route to a finished, drinkable batch. No mash, no sparge, no separate mash tun.
$415.49
All-grain without buying an electric system: a cooler mash tun, a kettle and a burner.
$849.63
One vessel, indoors, on household power, with real fermentation temperature control.
$1055.20
The ceiling. Most brewers should not buy this, and this page says so plainly.
$2060.69
The upgrade that removes the most tedious two hours of brewing.
$1314.55
No mash, no boil, no kettle. The cheapest genuine fermentation you can start.
$376.16
Every combination brewers actually search for, worked out from the same formula library the calculators use, so a number here and a number there can never disagree.
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51 pages
Gear recommendations come from published manufacturer specifications, listed capacities and verified owner reviews. Nothing here is tested in person and no page claims otherwise. When a catalog has a real gap, such as consumer glycol chilling, the honest answer is to say so rather than recommend something that does not do the job. You can read the full research methodology and the editorial policy.
Brewing is a hobby that involves alcohol, so this site is written for adults of legal drinking age, which is 21 and over in the United States. Distilling is a separate legal matter entirely and is out of scope here.