Reference

ABV by original and final gravity

Quick answer

Alcohol by volume worked out for every common gravity pair, with BOTH published formulas shown side by side and the gap between them stated.

This section holds 40 worked pages. Every figure comes from the same formula library the calculators use, and each page states whether its numbers rest on a published standard or on brewing convention.

Every page below is worked out from the published equations in this site's formula library, not copied from another calculator. Where a figure rests on brewing convention rather than a published standard, the page says so on the row itself.


All 40 pages in this section


Related on BrewGearCalc


Frequently asked questions

Why does this site show two ABV numbers?
Because two formulas are in common use and they disagree. The standard formula multiplies the gravity drop by 131.25. The alternate formula works out alcohol by weight first and converts it. They agree closely around ordinary beer strength and separate noticeably above about 8 percent, so quoting one without naming it hides a real difference.
Which ABV formula should I use?
Use the standard formula for ordinary strength beer, where the two agree within about a tenth of a percent. Use the alternate formula for strong beer, where the linear approximation drifts high. The important part is consistency: pick one, name it when you quote a number, and use it for every batch so your own records stay comparable.

Researched from published brewing formulas, manufacturer specifications and verified owner reviews. This is general guidance, not professional advice.